Did you know that the term “mad as a hatter” refers to the mental illnesses suffered by 19th century milliners from their exposure to mercury, a highly toxic element that was used to shape felt hats?Mercury’s damaging effect on human and environmental health has been documented for years. The US and most European governments already have strict regulations on mercury emissions; however, a recent report from the United Nations Environmental Program reveals that mercury emissions are increasing around the world.The rise in emissions is widely attributed to precious metal mining projects, coal fired power plants and melting polar ice caps.In response to the growing threat, over 140 countries signed on to a legally-binding treaty that was agreed upon during UN-sponsored talks in Geneva. While the agreement must still be ratified by individual nations, it is huge step forward in dealing with the global crisis of toxic mercury.2009 Goldman Prize recipient Yuyun Ismawati has been